当政务服务遇见区块链：数字身份（BDID）如何重塑信任与效率？

// 示例：使用Go语言实现基于SM2的DID标识生成
package main

import (
    "crypto/ecdsa"
    "github.com/tjfoc/gmsm/sm2"
    "encoding/hex"
)

func GenerateDID() string {
    // 生成SM2密钥对
    privKey, err := sm2.GenerateKey()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    
    // 从公钥生成DID标识符
    pubKeyBytes := sm2.Compress(&privKey.PublicKey)
    hash := sm3.Sum(pubKeyBytes)
    did := "did:cn:bj:" + hex.EncodeToString(hash[:16])
    
    return did
}

{
  "@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/did/v1",
  "id": "did:example:123456789abcdefghi",
  "authentication": [{
    "id": "did:example:123456789abcdefghi#keys-1",
    "type": "EcdsaSecp256k1VerificationKey2019",
    "controller": "did:example:123456789abcdefghi",
    "publicKeyBase58": "H3C2AVvLMv6gmMNam3uVAjZpfkcJCwDwnZn6z3wXmqPV"
  }],
  "service": [{
    "id": "did:example:123456789abcdefghi#vcs",
    "type": "VerifiableCredentialService",
    "serviceEndpoint": "https://example.com/vc/"
  }]
}

// 简化的双轨身份验证合约示例
contract DualTrackIdentity {
    struct Identity {
        address owner;
        uint trustScore;
        address[] attestors;
        bool isAnchor;
    }
    
    mapping(address => Identity) public identities;
    
    function verifyAnchor(address _user, bytes memory _proof) public {
        // 验证高强度身份证明（如护照芯片数据）
        require(verifyGovernmentProof(_proof), "Invalid proof");
        
        identities[_user] = Identity({
            owner: _user,
            trustScore: 100,
            attestors: new address[](0),
            isAnchor: true
        });
    }
    
    function attestByAnchor(address _anchor, address _user) public {
        require(identities[_anchor].isAnchor, "Not an anchor");
        require(identities[_anchor].trustScore > 80, "Anchor trust score too low");
        
        identities[_user].attestors.push(_anchor);
        identities[_user].trustScore = calculateTrustScore(_user);
    }
}

用户证明需求：证明社保连续缴纳≥60个月，不透露具体时间范围

技术实现：
1. 将每月缴纳记录编码为承诺：C₁, C₂, ..., Cₙ
2. 构建证明：π = ZKProof{ C₁≠⊥ ∧ C₂≠⊥ ∧ ... ∧ C₆₀≠⊥ }
3. 验证方只需验证π的有效性，无需查看原始记录